Carbureter for hydrocarbon-engines.



No. 802,038. PATENTED OCT. 1'7, 1905. F. W. HAGAR.

CARBURETER POR HYDROGARBON ENGINES. APILIQATION FILED AP11.19,1904.

UNITED STATES yParana onirica.

CARBURETER FOR HYDROCARBON-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 17, 1905.

Application filed April 19,1904. Serial No. 203,863.

in relation to the suction created in the mix-- ing-chamber and in which the hydrocarbon is fed to the mixing-chamber by means of the suction created in the latter and the quantity fed is automatically proportioned in reference to the suction created or in proportion to the amount of air admitted to the mixing-chamber.

One of the primary objects of this invention is to provide a carbureter of this type which is particularly simple in construction and highly eliicient in operation and in which means are provided for varying .the eective action of the suction, created inthe mixingchamber, upon the feed of hydrocarbon, without resorting to means for throttling the feedpassage for the latter."

Other objects of the invention will appear `and the advantages of the same be appreciated as the construction is more fully disclosed.

To obtain the ends sought, the invention includes the combination and arrangement of component parts to be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Although the invention is susceptible of various modifications, the accompanying drawy ings illustrate and the following specification will describe in connection therewith what is now conceivedto be a preferred form of the same.

In the drawings, Figure lis a vertical transverse sectional view of the carbureter. Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view on the line 2 Q, Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view on the line 3 3, Fig. I.

The invention includes generally a suctionchamber, a maintained level hydrocarbon-su pply, an unobstructed duct, leading from the latter to the suction-chamber, in which the hydrocarbon is maintained at substantially a constant level, a mixing-chamber, in communication with the suction-chamber, designed to communicate with the engine-cylinder and having any air-inlet opening, means for varyv ing the effective area of the latter controlled by the suction created in the mixing-chamber, and means for varying the degree of suction created in the mixingchamber and therethro ugh the amount of hydrocarbon fed to the mixing-chamber in reference to the quantity of air admitted to the latter.`

In the illustrated exemplification of my invention a reservoir for the hydrocarbon is indicated by l, from which leads a duet 2, having a vertically-arranged portion 3, in which the hydrocarbon is maintained at asubstantially constant level by a ioat-controlled valve 4, located in the reservoir I, which controls a supply-passage 5, leading to the latter, A suction-chamber 6 is arranged in communication with the upper end of the duct 3, which chamber is provided with an air-inlet passage 7, the effective area of which is controlled by a valve 8. Preferably surrounding the suction-chamber 6 is a mixing-chamber IO. which is in communication at its upper portion with an exit-opening I5, is in communication at its lower end with anair-inlet opening 11, and is in open communication with the suction-chamber 6 through the intermediary of ports 9.

A valve 12 is provided for controlling the effective area of the opening 1I, and associated therewith is a spring 13, which tends to normally hold the valve to its seat against the lifting force of the suction created in the mixing-chamber.

In the particular embodiment of my invention disclosed in the accompanying drawings a main shell is provided which forms the reservoir-chamber 1 and a second chamber l,

,within which the mixing and suction chambers-are located and which is provided with an internally-threaded portion 14C atits upper open end, with the discharge-opening I5, and with an inlet-chamber 16 at its bottom, with which a series of ports I7 are in communication and from which the opening 11 leads. A cap 18 is threaded in the upper end of the chamber la and is provided with a depending open-ended barrel 19 of slightly less diameter than said open chamber, having an external ange 20, that lbridges the space between the periphery of the barrel and the internal wall of the second chamber below the opening 15 and provides, with said periphery, internal wall, and under surface of the cap to the outside of the barrel, a chamber 211, into which the opening l5 directly leads. Ap'lurality of. orifices 19' are provided in the wall IOO IOr .1

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of the barrel I9, through which the explosive l mixture formed in the chamber passes into the chamber 21 on its way to the engine-cylinder, and these orifices act to insure a thorough intermixture of the hydrocarbon and air by breaking up any imperfectly-mixed strata which may exist and which otherwise might pass through the opening and therefrom to the eng'ine-cylinder. The cap 18 is provided with an axial opening, with a chamber 22, surrounding the latter, and with radial openings 23, leading through its wall. A sleeve 211 is arranged in the axial opening of the cap, extends below the latter through the barrel 19 axially thereof,and at its lower end is continued in a nozzle 25, which is held at its lower end in the bottom wall of the chamber l and is provided at its upper end with afiange 26, preferably` integral with a corresponding flange on the lower end ofthe sleeve. The ports 9 preferably extend radially through the flange 26, and the vertically-extending duct 3 is preferably disposed axially of the nozzle. The mixingchamber 10 is formed between the external wall of the sleeve and the internal wall of the barrel and is contracted .near its lower end by the flange 26. The valve 12 for controlling the air-admission opening 11 is preferably guided upon the nozzle 25, and the spring 13, which tends to hold it upon its seat, is coiled about the nozzle 25 and is interposed between the rear face of said valve and the flange 26. As will be noted, the ports 9 discharge transversely or radially of the mixing-chamber at the lower contracted end thereof, and as the air admitted through the opening 11 must pass through this contracted portion in order to enter the major portion of the mixing-chamber this construction insures the air being thoroughly impregnated with the hydrocarbon. The sleeve 24 is provided with one or more ports 27, which lead through its wall, near the upper end thereof, and place the interior of the same in communication with the chamber 22 and at its lower end with a conical valveseat 28, which is arranged at the upper end of the opening 7, which leads into the suctionchamber 6 from the interior of said sleeve. The valve 8 has an enlarged stem portion threaded in the upper part of the sleeve 24, an operatinghandle to the outside of the sleeve` a contracted stem portion depending through the sleeve, and a conical end coacting with the seat- 28. Between the contracted portion of the stem and the internal wall of the sleeve a passage-way is provided which communicates with the outside of the carbui reter through the openings or passage ways 22, 23, and 27, the areas of which are sufficient to admit enough air into the suction-chamber 6 when the valve 8 is open to a maximum extent to prevent a sufhcient degree of vacuum being created in said suction-chamber to feed the hydrocarbon from the duct 3.

In the operation of my carbu reter the valve 12 is lifted from its seat by the suction created in the chamber 10, which permits air to flow in through the opening 11, and the suction created in the chamber 6 at the same time lifts a supply of hydrocarbon from the duct 3 and feeds the same through the ports 9, where it is picked up by the air liowing through the contracted portion of the charnber 10 and carried upwardly in said chamber and thoroughly intermixed therein. The mixture from the chamber flows through the oriices 19 into the chamber 21 and therefrom through the opening 15 to the engine. As will be understood, the amount of air admitted through the opening l1 will depend upon the degree of suction created in the mixing-chamber, and the amount of hydrocarbon fed through the ports 9 will also depend upon the strength of this suction. By means of the valve 8 the completeness or degree of vacuum which it is possible to obtain in chamber 6 may be varied and therethrough the amount of hydrocarbon which will be fed for a predetermined degree of suction in the mixing-chamber can be varied without throttling the feed-duct for the hydrocarbon, and when the parts have been set to feed a certain proportion of hydrocarbon to a given body of air drawn in through the opening 11 this relation will be maintained under variations in the degree of suction created in the mixing-chamber, or the proportions of hydrocarbon and air fed to the mixing-chamber will be substantially maintained under variations of the amount of air drawn into the latter.

The construction and operation of myinvention will be readily understood upon reference to the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, and it will be appreciated that the parts and combinations recited may be varied within a wide range without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

Having thus described my invention, what is claimed-as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a carbureter, a mixing-chamber having an open end, a main air-inlet port, means for controlling' the latter, a suction-chamber arranged within the end of the mixing-chamber, contracting the area of the latter, and having portsdischarging transversely of the contracted portion thereof, a sleeve disposed axially of the mixing-chamber with its bore communicating at one end with the suction-chamber and at its opposite end with the exterior of the carbureter, a valve for controlling the communication between said bore and the suctionchamber, and a feed-duct in communication with the suction-chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a carbureter, a nozzle having a feedduct leading therethrough, an air-inlet passage arranged in axial alinement with the feed-duct, asuction-chamber interposed between theduct and passage-way having an openin g communicating with the latter, a valve for controlling IOO the etfectivearea of said opening, a main airinlet passage, a mixing-chamber in communication with the engine-cylinder and with the main air-inlet opening through a passage-way surrounding the suction-chamber, and ports leading from the suction-chamber into the latter passage-way, substantially as described.

3. In a carbureter, a nozzle having a feedduct leading therethrough, an air-inlet passage arranged in axial alinement with the feed-duct, a suction-cham ber interposed between the d uct and passage-way having an opening communicating with the latter, a valve for controlling the effective area oi' said opening, a mainairinlet passage, a mixing-chamber in communication with the engine-cylinder and with the main air-inlet opening through a passage-way surrounding the suction-chamber, and ports leading from the suction-chamber into the latter passage-way, said ports discharging transversely of said passage-way, substantially as described.

4. In a carbureter, a vertically-arranged chamber, a nozzle extending upwardly therein having a feed-duct, means for maintaining a substantially constant level of hydrocarbon in the duct, a cap closing the upper end of the chamber having a barrel depending from the same constituting one wall of a mixingchamber, a sleeve extending through the cap and axially of the barrel constituting the opposite wall oi' the mixing-chamber and coacting with the upper end of the nozzle to provide a suction-chamber with which the interior of the barrel communicates and which is in open communication with the feed-duct, said cap and sleeve having communicating passages through the same leading from the interior of the sleeve to the exterior of the cap, ports leading from the suction-chamber to the mixing-chamber, a valve adjustablyY mounted in the sleeve for varying the effective area of the communicating passage-way between the interior oi' the sleeve and the suction-chamber, said mixing-chamber having an air-inlet opening, and a valve for controlling the latter actuated by the suction created in the mixing chamber. substantially as described.

5. In a carbureter, a main shell including a reservoir-chamber and a second chamber having an open upper end, an opening leading through the side wall of the second chamber providing an exit therefrom, and a second opening in the lower portion of the second chamber providing an inlet, a cap fitted to the upper end of the second chamber having a depending barrel provided with orifices, a sleeve iitted to the cap and depending therefrom through the barrel and providing with the latter and the cap a mixing-chamber, a nozzle arranged axially of Ithe second chamber below the sleeve and providing therewith a suction-chamber from which ports lead to the mixing-chamber, said nozzle having aduct therein in open communication with the reservoir and said sleeve having a passage-way providing an open communication between the bore of the same and the suction-chamber, and other passage-ways coacting with the passage-ways in the cap .to provide open communication between said bore and the exterior of the cap, a valve adjustably mounted in the sleeve having a portion for varying the effective area oi' the passage-way leading to the suction-chamber, and a part extending without the cap for manipulating the valve, and a spring-pressed valve for controlling the effective areav of the inlet-opening in the second chamber, substantially as described.

6. In a carbureter, a main shell including a reservoir-chamber and a second chamber having an open upper end, an opening leading through the side wall or' the second chamber providing an exit therefrom, and a second opening in the lower portion of the second chamber providing an inlet, a cap fitted to the upper end ot' the second chamber and having'an open-ended barrel depending therefrom, of less diameter than the second chamber, and provided with orifices leading through its wall and with a peripheral flange at its lower end contacting with the wall of thesecond chamber to provide a chamber with which the exit-opening and oriiices communicate, a sleeve arranged axially of the plug, depending therefrom and terminating in a nozzle having a feed-duct, said sleeve providing with the barrel a mixing-chamber and with the nozzle a suction-chamber, a iiange at the meeting ends of the nozzle and sleeve having ports leading through the same for placing the mixing-chamber and suction-chamber in. communication, and said flange contracting the lower portion of the mixing-chamber to provide a reduced passage-way for the air admitted thereto from the inlet-opening, air-passages leading from the outside of the carbureter to the bore of the sleeve, a passage-way between said bore and the suction-chamber having a valve-seat at its upper end, a valve arranged axially of the sleeve for varying the effective area of said passage-way, a valve guided on the nozzle and controlling the inlet-opening, and a spring interposed between said valve and said iange, substantially as described.

7. In a carbureter, a main shell including a reservoir-chamber and a second chamber having an open upper end, an opening leading through the side wall of the second chamber providing an exit therefrom, and a second opening in the lower portion of the second chamber providing an inlet, a cap litted to the upper end of the second chamber and having an open-ended barrel depending therefrom oi' less diameter than the second chamber, provided with oriiices leading through its wall and with a peripheral iange at its lower end contacting with the wall of the second chamber to provide a chamber with which the exit- IOO lIO

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opening and orifices communicate, a sleeve' arranged axially ofthe plug, depending therefrom and terminating in a nozzle having a feed-duct, said sleeve providing with the barrel a mixing-chamber and with the nozzle a suction-chamber, a iange at the meeting ends of the nozzle and sleeve having ports leading through the same for placing the mixingchamber and suction-chamber in communication, and said fiange contracting the lower portion of the mixing-chamber to provide a reduced passage way for the air admitted thereto from the inlet-opening, air-passages leading from the outside of the carbureter to the bore of the sleeve, a passage-way between said bore and the suction-chamber having a valve-seat, a valve arranged axially of the sleeve ooacting wlth the seat for varylng the effective area of said passage-Way, and avalve ,associated with said inlet-opening and con- FRANKLIN WOOD HAGAR.

Witnesses:

W. W. DILLoN, C. W. SMITH. 

